Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ka metala silika e like me ka mea o ka hao, aluminika a me ka calcium, nā mea haumia nui ʻekolu i loko o ka haku mele silika.E like me ka ʻike o ka hao, aluminika a me ka calcium i loko o ka metala silika, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke metala silika i 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 a me nā helu ʻē aʻe.
Ma ka ʻoihana, hana maʻamau ka metala silika ma ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka silicon dioxide mai ke kalapona i loko o ka umu uila.ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike kemika: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO no laila ʻo 97 ~ 98% ka maʻemaʻe o ke kilika, i kapa ʻia ke metala silika.Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, recrystallization, wehe ʻia nā mea haumia me ka waikawa, ua loaʻa ka maʻemaʻe o 99.7 ~ 99.8% metala silika.
Hoʻokumu nui ʻia ka metala silikoni me ke silikona a no laila ua like kona ʻano me ke silikona.Aia ʻelua alotropes o ke silikona amorphous a me ke silikona crystalline.ʻO ke silika Amorphous kahi pauka hina-ʻeleʻele he microcrystal maoli.Loaʻa i ka Crystalline silicon ka ʻano aniani a me nā waiwai semiconductor o daimana, helu heheʻe 1410 ℃, kahi paila 2355 ℃, density 2.32 ~ 2.34 g/cm 3, Mohs hardness 7, brittle.Loaʻa i ka silicification Amorphous nā waiwai kemika ikaika a hiki ke puhi ikaika i ka oxygen.Hiki iā ia ke hana me nā metala ʻole e like me ka halogen, ka nitrogen a me ke kalapona i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, a hiki ke hana pū me nā metala e like me ka magnesium, calcium a me ka hao e hana i nā silicides.ʻAneʻane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke kilika Amorphous i loko o nā ʻakika inorganic a me nā mea kūlohelohe, me ka waika hydrofluoric, akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka hui ʻana o ka waikawa nitric a me ka waika hydrofluoric.Hiki ke ho'ohehe'e i ke kinoea amorphous a ho'oku'u i ke kinoea hydrogen.ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ke silikoni crystalline a ʻaʻole e mahu me ka oxygen ʻoiai i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kēlā me kēia ʻano inorganic a me nā ʻakika organik, akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka hui ʻana o ka waikawa nitric a me ka waika hydrofluoric a me nā hopena sodium hydroxide.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-17-2023