Silicon hlau feem ntau yog cais raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm hlau, txhuas thiab calcium, peb lub ntsiab impurities muaj nyob rau hauv silicon hlau muaj pes tsawg leeg.Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm hlau, txhuas thiab calcium hauv silicon hlau, silicon hlau tuaj yeem muab faib ua 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 thiab lwm qib sib txawv.
Hauv kev lag luam, silicon hlau feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev txo cov silicon dioxide los ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv lub cub hluav taws xob.Kev sib npaug tshuaj lom neeg: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO kom lub purity ntawm silicon yog 97 ~ 98%, hu ua silicon hlau.Tom qab melting, recrystallization, impurities tshem tawm nrog acid, purity ntawm 99.7 ~ 99.8% silicon hlau tau txais.
Silicon hlau yog tsim los ntawm silicon thiab yog li muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws rau silicon.Muaj ob lub allotropes ntawm amorphous silicon thiab crystalline silicon.Amorphous silicon yog cov hmoov grey-dub uas yog ib qho microcrystal.Crystalline silicon muaj cov qauv siv lead ua thiab cov khoom semiconductor ntawm pob zeb diamond, melting point 1410 ℃, boiling point 2355 ℃, ntom 2.32 ~ 2.34 g / cm3, Mohs hardness 7, brittle.Amorphous silicification muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab tuaj yeem hlawv cov pa oxygen.Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov nonmetals xws li halogen, nitrogen thiab carbon ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau xws li magnesium, calcium thiab hlau los tsim cov silicides.Amorphous silicon yuav luag insoluble nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov inorganic thiab organic acids, nrog rau hydrofluoric acid, tab sis soluble nyob rau hauv sib tov ntawm nitric acid thiab hydrofluoric acid.Concentrated sodium hydroxide tov tuaj yeem yaj amorphous silicon thiab tso cov roj hydrogen.Crystalline silicon yog qhov tsis ua haujlwm thiab tsis vaporize nrog oxygen txawm nyob rau qhov kub thiab txias.Nws yog insoluble nyob rau hauv txhua yam inorganic thiab organic acids, tab sis soluble nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov ntawm nitric acid thiab hydrofluoric acid thiab nyob rau hauv concentrated sodium hydroxide daws.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-17-2023